Description
What type of agriculture is being studied in Croatia?
Olives
What are the main characteristics of the site?
Most of Istria is agricultural because it is rich in fertile areas. Olives, grapevines, different types of vegetables, and fruits are mostly grown.
When are pesticides applied?
Most applications occur between May-September, and some applications as early as February.
Which pesticides are relied on the most in the area?
Istra has both integrated and organic agricultural production. Integrated production uses PPP, and the most commonly used are glyphosate, copper oxychlorides, deltamethrin, phosmet, and dimethoate. While in organic production, copper oxychlorides and hydroxides, paraffin oil, and Bacillus thugiensis are used.
Sample numbers
Both conventional and organic systems contributed to the farming system. For example, ‘Cat Organic’ refers to a cat sampled from an organic farm.
| Environment (total 84 samples ) | |
|---|---|
| Soil Conventional | 10 |
| Soil Organic | 10 |
| Crop Conventional | 10 |
| Crop Organic | 10 |
| Air outdoor Conventional | 1 |
| Air outdoor Organic | 1 |
| Indoor dust Conventional | 9 |
| Indoor dust Organic | 7 |
| Earthworm Conventional | 10 |
| Earthworm Organic | 10 |
| Water | 3 |
| Sediment | 3 |
| Human (total 289 samples) | |
|---|---|
| Conventional farmer Male | 24 |
| Conventional farmer Female | 25 |
| Organic farmer Male | 24 |
| Organic farmer Female | 24 |
| Neighbour Male | 48 |
| Neighbour Female | 48 |
| Consumer Male | 48 |
| Consumer Female | 48 |
| Animal (total 113 samples) | |
|---|---|
| Sheep Conventional | 51 |
| Sheep Organic | 53 |
| Cat Conventional | 6 |
| Cat Organic | 3 |
Explanation of the figure
The ‘heatmap’ figures show the relative pesticide content in environmental, human or animal matrices. Select a tab from “Environment”, “Human” or “Animal” to explore the detailed content of each compartment. Name of the matrices are displayed in the lower light grey bars (X-axis), where the X-axis are labeled with different categories of sampling stratified by farm management types, human characteristics, animal types and/or sex, etc.
- Color legend: the darker the purple squares are, the higher the pesticide concentration is. Light orange means ‘tested & not detected (<LOD)'
- X-axis labels:
- Environment:
- CF: Conventional farm.
- OF: Organic farm.
- Human:
- F_CF: Female (F) conventional (C) farmer (F).
- M_CF: Male (M) conventional (C) farmer (F).
- F_OF: Female (F) Organic (O) farmer (F).
- M_OF: Male (M) Organic (O) farmer (F)
- F_Neighbour: Female (F) neighbour.
- M_Neighbour: Male (M) neighbour.
- F_Consumer: Female (F) consumer.
- M_ Consumer: Male (M) consumer.
- Animal:
- CF: Conventional farm.
- OF: Organic farm.
- Environment:
The different compounds are listed on the Y - axis, classified according to the pesticide type and EU approval status in 2021:
- A-I: Approved insecticide
- A-H: Approved herbicide
- A-F: Approved fungicide
- A_MT: Approved metabolite
- NA-I: Not approved insecticide
- NH: Not approved herbicide
- NA-F: Not approved fungicide
- NA_MT: Not approved metabolite
- S: Synergist
- UM: Urine metabolite
By clicking on the columns of different matrices or country names, for example: “Urine”, or “Denmark”. You will be directed to the country x matrix page where detailed statistics on three levels of information are revealed in this page:
- Most frequently detected compounds in a matrix in a specific country with its median concentration.
- Number of compounds tested and detected according to their approval status (Approved, Not approved, CfS (candidate for substitution) or synergist) in a matrix in a specific country.
- Number and total concentration of pesticide detected in each sample in the matrix in the country.
Environment
Human
Animal