Bordeaux, France
Description
What type of agriculture is being studied in Bordeaux?
Viticulture (grapes for wine)
What are the main characteristics of the site?
The case study is located in Southwestern France in the Nouvelle Aquitaine Region. The largest region in France, Nouvelle Aquitaine has around 6 million inhabitants. Nouvelle Aquitaine has a vast wine-growing area, crucial in the regional economy, which has shaped the territory, the landscapes and the culture. The largest city, Bordeaux, is at the heart of an agglomeration of nearly 905,000 inhabitants. Nouvelle-Aquitaine enjoys an oceanic climate, with average temperatures of 12°C in the colder months and 27°C in the heart of summer.
When are pesticides applied?
Typically between April-August
Which pesticides are relied on in Bourdeaux?
Conventional farmers have a wide range of PPPs they may use, including folpet, cymoxanil, trifloxystrobin, mancozeb, tebuconazole, boscalid, dithianon, and pyraclostrobin. Organic farmers often apply sulphur, pelargonic acid, and copper sulfate.
Sample numbers
Both conventional and organic systems contributed to the farming system. For example, ‘Cat Organic’ refers to a cat sampled from an organic farm.
| Environment (total 71 samples ) | |
|---|---|
| Soil Conventional | 7 |
| Soil Organic | 10 |
| Crop Conventional | 5 |
| Crop Organic | 8 |
| Air outdoor Conventional | 1 |
| Air outdoor Organic | 1 |
| Indoor dust Conventional | 6 |
| Indoor dust Organic | 9 |
| Earthworm Conventional | 5 |
| Earthworm Organic | 8 |
| Water | 6 |
| Sediment | 5 |
| Human (total 243 samples) | |
|---|---|
| Conventional farmer Male | 24 |
| Conventional farmer Female | 0 |
| Organic farmer Male | 24 |
| Organic farmer Female | 12 |
| Neighbour Male | 44 |
| Neighbour Female | 44 |
| Consumer Male | 32 |
| Consumer Female | 63 |
| Animal (total 0 samples) |
|---|
Explanation of the figure
The ‘heatmap’ figures show the relative pesticide content in environmental, human or animal matrices. Select a tab from “Environment”, “Human” or “Animal” to explore the detailed content of each compartment. Name of the matrices are displayed in the lower light grey bars (X-axis), where the X-axis are labeled with different categories of sampling stratified by farm management types, human characteristics, animal types and/or sex, etc.
- Color legend: the darker the purple squares are, the higher the pesticide concentration is. Light orange means ‘tested & not detected (<LOD)'
- X-axis labels:
- Environment:
- CF: Conventional farm.
- OF: Organic farm.
- Human:
- F_CF: Female (F) conventional (C) farmer (F).
- M_CF: Male (M) conventional (C) farmer (F).
- F_OF: Female (F) Organic (O) farmer (F).
- M_OF: Male (M) Organic (O) farmer (F)
- F_Neighbour: Female (F) neighbour.
- M_Neighbour: Male (M) neighbour.
- F_Consumer: Female (F) consumer.
- M_ Consumer: Male (M) consumer.
- Animal:
- CF: Conventional farm.
- OF: Organic farm.
- Environment:
The different compounds are listed on the Y - axis, classified according to the pesticide type and EU approval status in 2021:
- A-I: Approved insecticide
- A-H: Approved herbicide
- A-F: Approved fungicide
- A_MT: Approved metabolite
- NA-I: Not approved insecticide
- NH: Not approved herbicide
- NA-F: Not approved fungicide
- NA_MT: Not approved metabolite
- S: Synergist
- UM: Urine metabolite
By clicking on the columns of different matrices or country names, for example: “Urine”, or “Denmark”. You will be directed to the country x matrix page where detailed statistics on three levels of information are revealed in this page:
- Most frequently detected compounds in a matrix in a specific country with its median concentration.
- Number of compounds tested and detected according to their approval status (Approved, Not approved, CfS (candidate for substitution) or synergist) in a matrix in a specific country.
- Number and total concentration of pesticide detected in each sample in the matrix in the country.
Environment
Human